In 2018, it was ranked as the sixth-most developed country in the world by the United Nations' Human Development Index, and it ranks first on the Global Peace Index. [18] Iceland runs almost completely on renewable energy. [229], Iceland is liberal with regard to LGBT rights issues. The population of the island is believed to have varied from 40,000 to 60,000 in the period ranging from initial settlement until the mid-19th century. [97] Whale watching has become an important part of Iceland's economy since 1997. [20][23] By 2014, the Icelandic economy had made a significant recovery, in large part due to a surge in tourism. [107], Iceland is a representative democracy and a parliamentary republic. [142] Unlike most Western European countries, Iceland has a flat tax system: the main personal income tax rate is a flat 22.75%, and combined with municipal taxes, the total tax rate equals no more than 35.7%, not including the many deductions that are available. CCP Games hosts the third-most populated MMO in the world, which also has the largest total game area for an online game. [60] Early elections in 2016 resulted in a right-wing coalition government of the Independence Party, the Reform Party and Bright Future. Your jokes might get lost in translation, and your sarcasm might be considered as a sincere … [citation needed] In 1980, Icelanders elected Vigdís Finnbogadóttir as president, the world's first directly elected female head of state. The Iceland Defense Force (IDF) was a military command of the United States Armed Forces from 1951 to 2006. Pop: 6 431 902 (2013 est). Originating in the 14th century, rímur were popular into the 19th century, when the development of new literary forms was provoked by the influential, National-Romantic writer Jónas Hallgrímsson. In 2016, Prime Minister Sigmundur Davíð Gunnlaugsson resigned after being implicated in the Panama Papers scandal. The Danish–Icelandic Act of Union, an agreement with Denmark signed on 1 December 1918 and valid for 25 years, recognised Iceland as a fully sovereign and independent state in a personal union with Denmark. [134], A poll released on 5 March 2010 by Capacent Gallup showed that 31% of respondents were in favour of adopting the euro and 69% opposed. [36] Christianity was adopted by consensus around 999–1000, although Norse paganism persisted among segments of the population for some years afterwards.[37]. Iceland is a member of the European Economic Area (EEA), which allows the country access to the single market of the European Union (EU). [110] The president of Iceland is a largely ceremonial head of state and serves as a diplomat, but may veto laws voted by the parliament and put them to a national referendum. To reiterate, Iceland is a small country, thus finding work outside of cafes, bars, and hotels can heavily rely on your people skills. [266] Horseback riding, which was historically the most prevalent form of transportation on the island, remains a common pursuit for many Icelanders. Pronunciation [ edit ] ( UK , US ) IPA ( key ) : /ˈaɪs.lənd/ As of 2012[update], the government of Iceland was in talks with the government of the United Kingdom about the possibility of constructing Icelink, a high-voltage direct-current connector for transmission of electricity between the two countries. Iceland hosted a summit in Reykjavík in 1986 between United States President Ronald Reagan and Soviet Premier Mikhail Gorbachev, during which they took significant steps toward nuclear disarmament. Iceland Hindi Meaning - Find the correct meaning of Iceland in Hindi. [72] The country is considered a "strong performer" in environmental protection, having been ranked 13th in Yale University's Environmental Performance Index of 2012. [46], In 1814, following the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark-Norway was broken up into two separate kingdoms via the Treaty of Kiel but Iceland remained a Danish dependency. Important compositions since the 15th to the 19th century include sacred verse, most famously the Passion Hymns of Hallgrímur Pétursson, and rímur, rhyming epic poems. Infant mortality is one of the lowest in the world,[215] and the proportion of the population that smokes is lower than the OECD average. He had achieved a total of 41, including 33 performance based Guinness World Records by 2020.[267][268][269][270][271]. These included Jóhannes Kjarval and Júlíana Sveinsdóttir. The island's interior, the Highlands of Iceland, is a cold and uninhabitable combination of sand, mountains, and lava fields. Though not compulsory, everyone who has had a compulsory education has the right to upper secondary education. In the late 12th century, Ari the Wise described it in the Íslendingabók as "forested from mountain to sea shore". Many Polish immigrants were also considering leaving in 2008 as a result of the Icelandic financial crisis.[199]. In 1996, the Icelandic parliament passed legislation to create registered partnerships for same-sex couples, conferring nearly all the rights and benefits of marriage. Due to the island's climate, fruits and vegetables are not generally a component of traditional dishes, although the use of greenhouses has made them more common in contemporary food. Coca-Cola is also widely consumed, to the extent that the country is said to have one of the highest per capita consumption rates in the world.[260]. English is widely understood and spoken, while basic to moderate knowledge of Danish is common mainly among the older generations. Facts About Icelandic Names, Laws, and Naming Etiquette. International Volunteer Day (sometimes abbreviated to IVD) takes place annually on December 5th. In 2009, Iceland became the first country with an openly gay head of government when Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir became prime minister.[112]. Many bridges on it, especially in the north and east, are single lane and made of timber and/or steel. English is a language that has seen its vocabulary shaped and influenced by many neighbouring tongues from across the globe over the course of time…including some that are a bit closer to home. Ingólfr was followed by many other emigrant settlers, largely Scandinavians and their thralls, many of whom were Irish or Scottish. It is important to understand the word properly when we translate it from English to Hindi. Eh up, me duck! It is an ‘International Day’ established by the United Nations to recognize and promote the contribution made by volunteers and voluntary organizations to the wellbeing of people across the globe. Create an account and sign in to access this FREE content. [190] Students were particularly proficient in reading and mathematics. The Financial Supervisory Authority of Iceland used permission granted by the emergency legislation to take over the domestic operations of the three largest banks. Do Not Talk About Politics. Iceland meaning in Hindi : Get detailed meaning of Iceland in Hindi language.This page shows Iceland meaning in Hindi with Iceland definition,translation and usage.This page provides translation and definition of Iceland in Hindi language along with grammar, synonyms and antonyms.Answer of question : what is meaning of Iceland in Hindi dictionary? Be it words, phrases, texts or even your website pages - Translate.com will offer the best. [264] Iceland hosts an annual international golf tournament known as the Arctic Open played through the night during the summer solstice at Akureyri Golf Club. All Years Although "Republic of Iceland" is found in some documents, it does not have official status. How to say Iceland. [71] Only scientists researching the growth of new life are allowed to visit the island. [43][44] In 1783 the Laki volcano erupted, with devastating effects. /ˈaɪslənd/. Iceland pronunciation. Icelandic is the only living language to retain the use of the runic letter Þ in Latin script. [213] According to an OECD report, Iceland devotes far more resources to healthcare than most industrialised nations. Last 300 years, country including this island & a few small. Patronymic last names are based on the first name of the father, while matronymic names are based on the first name of the mother. On average, Iceland receives around 1.1 million visitors annually, which is more than three times the native population. [143] The corporate tax rate is a flat 18%, one of the lowest in the world. The closest living relative of the Icelandic language is Faroese. According to the ancient manuscript Landnámabók, the settlement of Iceland began in 874 AD when the Norwegian chieftain Ingólfr Arnarson became the first permanent settler on the island. Pop: 12 851 821 (2011 est). [262] The main traditional sport in Iceland is Glíma, a form of wrestling thought to have originated in medieval times. It is now one of the most developed countries in the world. This stage of education is governed by the Upper Secondary School Act of 1996. The largest town outside the southwest corner is Akureyri in northern Iceland. Much Icelandic music is related to Nordic music, and includes folk and pop traditions. Jóhannesson. The country lies between latitudes 63 and 68°N, and longitudes 25 and 13°W. The governments of Iceland have always been coalition governments, with two or more parties involved, as no single political party has ever received a majority of seats in the Althing throughout the republican period. [239] The Living Art Museum, Reykjavík Municipal Art Museum, Reykjavík Art Museum and the National Gallery of Iceland are the larger, more established institutions, curating shows and festivals. As of 2006[update], Canada had over 88,000 people of Icelandic descent,[203] while there are more than 40,000 Americans of Icelandic descent, according to the 2000 US census.[204]. Other landscape artists quickly followed in the footsteps of Þórarinn and Ásgrímur. Jökulsárlón is the deepest lake, at 248 m (814 ft). Iceland thus followed Norway's integration into that union, coming under Danish rule after Sweden's secession from the union in 1523. During that time, cold winters, ash fall from volcanic eruptions, and bubonic plagues adversely affected the population several times. Nevertheless, according to the Economist Intelligence Index of 2011, Iceland has the second-highest quality of life in the world. The most famous of these include Njáls saga, about an epic blood feud, and Grænlendinga saga and Eiríks saga, describing the discovery and settlement of Greenland and Vinland (modern Newfoundland). Icelandic to English Translation provides the most convenient access to online translation service powered by various machine translation engines. The school year lasts nine months, beginning between 21 August and 1 September, ending between 31 May and 10 June. [69], Geologically, Iceland is part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a ridge along which the oceanic crust spreads and forms new oceanic crust. [157], According to Bloomberg, Iceland is on the trajectory of 2% unemployment as a result of crisis-management decisions made back in 2008, including allowing the banks to fail. Other political parties with seats in the Althing (Parliament) are the Social Democratic Alliance (Samfylkingin), the Centre Party (Miðflokkurinn), Iceland's Pirates, the People's Party (Flokkur fólksins), and the Reform Party (Viðreisn). There, he meets an old girlfriend of his youth and they both begin a journey through the wilds of Iceland to die together. In the 1980s, many Icelandic artists worked with the subject of the new painting in their work. On 5 May 1951, a defence agreement was signed with the United States. a dark volcanic glass formed by very rapid solidification of lava. Iceland is essentially free of mosquitoes.[99]. For its size, Iceland imports and translates more international literature than any other nation. Before the crash of the country's three largest banks, Glitnir, Landsbanki and Kaupthing, their combined debt exceeded approximately six times the nation's gross domestic product of €14 billion ($19 billion). [107] 1.7 million people visited Iceland in 2016, 3 times more than the number that came in 2010. [45] In the years following the eruption, known as the Mist Hardships (Icelandic: Móðuharðindin), over half of all livestock in the country died. It serves several international and domestic airline companies. [254] In February 2013 the country (ministry of the interior) was researching possible methods to protect children in regards to Internet pornography, claiming that pornography online is a threat to children as it supports child slavery and abuse. [citation needed] It is also one of a few countries capable of producing hydrogen in adequate quantities at a reasonable cost, because of Iceland's plentiful renewable sources of energy. Our new online dictionaries for schools provide a safe and appropriate environment for children. Although the country's environment is generally ill-suited for golf, there are nevertheless many golf courses throughout the island, and Iceland has a greater percentage of the population playing golf than Scotland with over 17,000 registered golfers out of a population of approximately 300,000. [273] Bridge is also popular, with Iceland participating in a number of international tournaments. Many species of fish live in the ocean waters surrounding Iceland, and the fishing industry is a major part of Iceland's economy, accounting for roughly half of the country's total exports. Seafood is central to most Icelandic cooking, particularly cod and haddock but also salmon, herring, and halibut. The warm North Atlantic Current ensures generally higher annual temperatures than in most places of similar latitude in the world. Pop: 8 407 248 (2003 est). The island is composed primarily of basalt, a low-silica lava associated with effusive volcanism as has occurred also in Hawaii. The forests were heavily exploited over the centuries for firewood and timber. The Government of Iceland established an embassy in Copenhagen and requested that Denmark carry out on its behalf certain defence and foreign affairs matters, subject to consultation with the Althing. Unlike … Its latitude is 64°08' N, making it the world's northernmost capital of a sovereign state. [98], Around 1,300 species of insects are known in Iceland. The largest seat of higher education is the University of Iceland, which has its main campus in central Reykjavík. On 28 October 2008, the Icelandic government raised interest rates to 18% (as of August 2019[update], it was 3.5%), a move forced in part by the terms of acquiring a loan from International Monetary Fund (IMF). The most common tree native to Iceland is the northern birch (Betula pubescens), which formerly formed forests over much of Iceland, along with aspens (Populus tremula), rowans (Sorbus aucuparia), common junipers (Juniperus communis), and other smaller trees, mainly willows. This has not happened since the republic was founded in 1944, but in 1942 regent Sveinn Björnsson, who had been installed in that position by the Althing in 1941, appointed a non-parliamentary government. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Industrialisation of the fisheries and Marshall Plan aid following World War II brought prosperity, and Iceland became one of the wealthiest and most developed nations in the world. [71] Iceland has three national parks: Vatnajökull National Park, Snæfellsjökull National Park, and Þingvellir National Park. Þorramatur is a selection of traditional cuisine consisting of many dishes, and is usually consumed around the month of Þorri, which begins on the first Friday after 19 January. However, playschools, primary schools, and lower secondary schools are funded and administered by the municipalities. The southwest corner of Iceland is by far the most densely populated region. Iceland Information. Geothermally heated outdoor pools are widespread, and swimming courses are a mandatory part of the national curriculum. Iceland's signature alcoholic beverage is brennivín (literally "burnt [i.e., distilled] wine"), which is similar in flavouring to the akvavit variant of Scandinavian brännvin. [147] Iceland's public debt has decreased since the economic crisis, and as of 2015[update] is the 31st-highest in the world by proportion of national GDP.[148]. [102] Following the 2016 elections, 48% of members of parliament are female. The highest elevation for Iceland is listed as 2,110 m (6,923 ft) at Hvannadalshnúkur (64°00′N 16°39′W). The law took effect on 27 June 2010. The closest bodies of land in Europe are the Faroe Islands (420 km, 260 mi); Jan Mayen Island (570 km, 350 mi); Shetland and the Outer Hebrides, both about 740 km (460 mi); and the Scottish mainland and Orkney, both about 750 km (470 mi). The OECD Economic Survey of Iceland 2008 had highlighted Iceland's challenges in currency and macroeconomic policy. Iceland has a market economy with relatively low taxes, compared to other OECD countries,[15] as well as the highest trade union membership in the world. Iceland still relies heavily on fishing, but its importance is diminishing from an export share of 90% in the 1960s to 40% in 2006. Iceland has also participated in the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan and the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia. Garðar departed the following summer but one of his men, Náttfari, decided to stay behind with two slaves. [62] Snap elections in October 2017 brought to power a new coalition consisting of the Independence Party, the Progressive Party and the Left-Green Movement, headed by Katrín Jakobsdóttir.[63]. [68] The largest lakes are Þórisvatn reservoir: 83–88 km2 (32–34 sq mi) and Þingvallavatn: 82 km2 (32 sq mi); other important lakes include Lagarfljót and Mývatn. Many welcome the opportunity to practice their second language - so don't be shy about starting a conversation in English. In education, its use for Iceland's deaf community is regulated by the National Curriculum Guide. The puristic tendency in the development of Icelandic vocabulary is to a large degree a result of conscious language planning, in addition to centuries of isolation. Gives yelling the name more weight! In the wake of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars, Iceland's struggle for independence took form and culminated in independence in 1918 and the founding of a republic in 1944. This is the main difference from other translation services - every user is encouraged to contribute to the Icelandic-English dictionary by adding and/or verifying translation suggestions. [107] A more recent 2012 survey found that around three-quarters of respondents stated they were satisfied with their lives, compared to a global average of about 53%. Iceland is ranked 27th in the 2012 Index of Economic Freedom, lower than in prior years but still among the freest in the world. Gluggaveður (noun) When the weather seems great, when you’re looking through a window from inside, but is actually cold and not so great when you step out without a jacket. Low crime rate and a pretty cool country to live in. With a fertility rate of 2.1, Iceland is one of only a few European countries with a birth rate sufficient for long-term population growth (see table below). The original population of Iceland was of Nordic and Gaelic origin. About 15,000 people emigrated, out of a total population of 70,000.[47]. [167] RKV also serves international flights to Greenland and the Faroe Islands, business and private airplanes along with aviation training. [198] Large-scale construction projects in the east of Iceland (see Kárahnjúkar Hydropower Plant) have also brought in many people whose stay is expected to be temporary. [20] The crisis prompted substantial political unrest,[21] the Icesave dispute,[22] and the institution of capital controls (imposed in 2008 and lifted in 2017). Similarly, 83% reported having more positive experiences in an average day than negative ones, compared to an OECD average of 72%, which makes Iceland one of the happiest countries in the OECD. [246] It features the story of an old man who is unable to continue running his farm. During World War II, Iceland joined Denmark in asserting neutrality. The country subsequently became officially Lutheran and Lutheranism has since remained the dominant religion. [118][119] Iceland supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq despite much domestic controversy, deploying a Coast Guard EOD team to Iraq,[120] which was replaced later by members of the Iceland Crisis Response Unit. In 2005, 293 people moved from Iceland to Norway; in 2009, the figure was 1,625. [90], The only native land mammal when humans arrived was the Arctic fox,[89] which came to the island at the end of the ice age, walking over the frozen sea. To this day, it remains a significant pastime.[272]. Iceland has a relatively young population for a developed country, with one out of five people being 14 years old or younger. [170][circular reference], Renewable sources—geothermal and hydropower—provide effectively all of Iceland's electricity[171] and around 85% of the nation's total primary energy consumption,[172] with most of the remainder consisting of imported oil products used in transportation and in the fishing fleet. Náttfari settled in what is now known as Náttfaravík and he and his slaves became the first permanent residents of Iceland. [258] Puffin is considered a local delicacy that is often prepared through broiling. An Icelandic independence movement took shape in the 1850s under the leadership of Jón Sigurðsson, based on the burgeoning Icelandic nationalism inspired by the Fjölnismenn and other Danish-educated Icelandic intellectuals. This time period is known as Jolabokaflod, the Christmas Book Flood. Only when the party leaders are unable to reach a conclusion by themselves within a reasonable time span does the president exercise this power and appoint the cabinet personally. Chance to Experience Christmas Spirit of the Past; Christmas Village Opens in Hafnarfjörður Hit hard by the worldwide financial crisis, the nation's entire banking system systemically failed in October 2008, leading to an economic crisis[19] and the collapse of the country's three largest banks. They are also responsible for ensuring that the curriculum is suitable so as to make the transition into compulsory education as easy as possible. Despite low tax rates, agricultural assistance is the highest among OECD countries and a potential impediment to structural change. The regent had, for all practical purposes, the position of a president, and Sveinn would later become the country's first president in 1944. ", "The Tiny Nation of Iceland Is Crushing the U.S. in Electing Female Politicians", "Democracy Index 2016 – Economist Intelligence Unit", Corruption Perceptions Index: Transparency International, Iceland set for coalition talks after government ousted, "What Type of Government Does Iceland Have? Route 1, or the Ring Road (Icelandic: Þjóðvegur 1 or Hringvegur), was completed in 1974, and is a main road that runs around Iceland and connects all the inhabited parts of the island, with the interior of the island being uninhabited. [citation needed], According to the 2011 Global Peace Index, Iceland is the most peaceful country in the world, due to its lack of armed forces, low crime rate and high level of socio-political stability. Wrote many Protestant hymns in the Atlantic Ocean North of England education for its citizens Iceland Ice‧land ˈaɪslənd... 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